{"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-3519459d402fdd95","operation":{"operation":"basis_map_theorem"},"operation_detail":null,"conclusion_id":"n-e7331b0d50084c15","premise_count":0,"theorem":"affine current multiplier with an affine initial row (module documentation, \"The affine-current theorem\"): with beta = b/d, K = beta^2 + a beta - c > 0 and eta = m/d >= 0, every real polynomial with all roots in E = [-beta - sqrt(K), -beta + sqrt(K)] has a real-rooted image, and no interval of positive length outside E works (Theorem 1); for eta > 0 the images lie in I = [(-a - 2 beta - 2 sqrt(K))/d, (-a - 2 beta + 2 sqrt(K))/d] if and only if eta >= 1/2 and (s - (2 eta - 1) beta)^2 <= (2 eta - 1)^2 K, s = l - eta a (Theorem 2); with a >= 0, K >= beta^2, a + 2 beta >= 0, a^2 + 4c >= 0, l >= 0 and the scalar criterion, PF inputs with roots in [-R, 0], R = beta + sqrt(K), have PF images, sharply (the common-interlacer proof; the Chebyshev case is Iserles and Saff, Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 105 (1989), Theorem 1; the scalar criterion is RealRooted orderTwoConstants_nonneg_iff)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"01ebd1ac64ec452416fb7a8a6dd8fadef2ed66101a80c17a816ba7637a341a60","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"basis_map_preserver","input_interval":"[-1/2 - sqrt(3/4), -1/2 + sqrt(3/4)]","output_interval":"(-inf, +inf)","statement":"every real polynomial with all roots in E = [-1/2 - sqrt(3/4), -1/2 + sqrt(3/4)] has a real-rooted image"},{"claim":"basis_map_preserver","input_interval":"[-1/2 - sqrt(3/4), -1/2 + sqrt(3/4)]","output_interval":"[-1 - sqrt(3/4), -1 + sqrt(3/4)]","statement":"every real polynomial with all roots in E = [-1/2 - sqrt(3/4), -1/2 + sqrt(3/4)] has an image with all roots in I = [-1 - sqrt(3/4), -1 + sqrt(3/4)]"},{"claim":"basis_map_preserver","input_interval":"[-1/2 - sqrt(3/4), 0]","output_interval":"[-1 - sqrt(3/4), -1 + sqrt(3/4)]","statement":"every PF input with all roots in [-1/2 - sqrt(3/4), 0] has a PF image; no larger [-R, 0] works"}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-d1fd4aeb8dd19622","operation":{"operation":"definition_equality"},"operation_detail":null,"conclusion_id":"n-e7331b0d50084c15","premise_count":0,"theorem":"all-index identity Q_n = P_n certified by exact Ore-algebra division and identifying rows (polytool preserver-image certificate of the identity map)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"558ed8316bf881b7c5baf2c3dd8c8ce7a085ed6187923aa86edb43f5db218e00","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[],"premises":[]},"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-c7b023a4533e2987","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"reversal\",\"schedule\":{\"first_index\":0,\"first_degree\":0,\"step\":1}}"},"operation_detail":"reversal, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-e7331b0d50084c15","premise_count":1,"theorem":"a real affine substitution x -> a x + b (a != 0), the reversal x^d p(1/x) (d >= deg p) and a real Mobius map (c x + e)^d p((a x + b)/(c x + e)) (a e - b c != 0, d >= deg p) map real roots to real roots: a root r of p gives the root (r - b)/a, 1/r (and 0) or (e r - b)/(a - c r) (and -e/c); for an input row that is a polynomial the degree condition holds automatically","lean_route":"reversed","lean_declarations":["RealRooted.X_pow_mul_reverse_eq_zero_or_splits","RealRooted.reflect_eq_zero_or_splits"],"certificate_hash":"1520d2e300ccd3748125521f40df2676410f96595a7c81ceb8d6aa634547032b","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-d6b7687ba0ff59dd","role":"sequence","name":"Riordan array ((1+x)/(1-2x),x(1+x)/(1-2x)).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-d6b7687ba0ff59dd","role":"sequence","name":"Riordan array ((1+x)/(1-2x),x(1+x)/(1-2x)).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-ee40b91a84fdd5b7","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"liu_wang_derivative_lag"},"operation_detail":"liu_wang_derivative_lag","conclusion_id":"n-d6b7687ba0ff59dd","premise_count":0,"theorem":"L. L. Liu and Y. Wang, A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros, Adv. in Appl. Math. 38 (2007) 542-560, Theorem 2.1 with the interlacers f' and the lag row (strict form, as in the derivative-lag theorems of the RealRooted library, https://github.com/PerAlexandersson/RealRooted), with nonnegativity of the coefficients replaced by an exact induction keeping every root in (-inf, 0)","lean_route":"sign","lean_declarations":["RealRooted.threeTerm_interlaces_of_nonnegCoeffs","RealRooted.LiuWang.strictInterl_nonpos_lag_sequence"],"certificate_hash":"afed3de10fb798645b6a5f1b752cac115bf719c7a0395363f3a0eae03f006799","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"strict","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-c36241f3b645d7b5","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"reversal\",\"schedule\":{\"first_index\":0,\"first_degree\":0,\"step\":1}}"},"operation_detail":"reversal, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-d6b7687ba0ff59dd","premise_count":1,"theorem":"a real affine substitution x -> a x + b (a != 0), the reversal x^d p(1/x) (d >= deg p) and a real Mobius map (c x + e)^d p((a x + b)/(c x + e)) (a e - b c != 0, d >= deg p) map real roots to real roots: a root r of p gives the root (r - b)/a, 1/r (and 0) or (e r - b)/(a - c r) (and -e/c); for an input row that is a polynomial the degree condition holds automatically","lean_route":"reversed","lean_declarations":["RealRooted.X_pow_mul_reverse_eq_zero_or_splits","RealRooted.reflect_eq_zero_or_splits"],"certificate_hash":"706675af6eb6e7ebcc4bee3d8038d1e8dbb84c29c672fc24e4a1e53f18a510c8","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-e7331b0d50084c15","role":"sequence","name":"Triangular array:  row n gives the coefficients of the polynomial p(n,x) defined in Comments.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-e7331b0d50084c15","role":"sequence","name":"Triangular array:  row n gives the coefficients of the polynomial p(n,x) defined in Comments.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-67b682ca6511d839","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"liu_wang_derivative_lag"},"operation_detail":"liu_wang_derivative_lag","conclusion_id":"n-e7331b0d50084c15","premise_count":0,"theorem":"L. L. Liu and Y. Wang, A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros, Adv. in Appl. Math. 38 (2007) 542-560, Theorem 2.1 with the interlacers f' and the lag row (strict form, as in the derivative-lag theorems of the RealRooted library, https://github.com/PerAlexandersson/RealRooted), with nonnegativity of the coefficients replaced by an exact induction keeping every root in (-inf, 0)","lean_route":"sign","lean_declarations":["RealRooted.threeTerm_interlaces_of_nonnegCoeffs","RealRooted.LiuWang.strictInterl_nonpos_lag_sequence"],"certificate_hash":"3996e765c452c2e479fdae0816105d4fc88454bebcd1691834b98b6fd5ca9766","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"strict","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]}]}]}]}]},{"edge":{"id":"e-67b682ca6511d839","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"liu_wang_derivative_lag"},"operation_detail":"liu_wang_derivative_lag","conclusion_id":"n-e7331b0d50084c15","premise_count":0,"theorem":"L. L. Liu and Y. Wang, A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros, Adv. in Appl. Math. 38 (2007) 542-560, Theorem 2.1 with the interlacers f' and the lag row (strict form, as in the derivative-lag theorems of the RealRooted library, https://github.com/PerAlexandersson/RealRooted), with nonnegativity of the coefficients replaced by an exact induction keeping every root in (-inf, 0)","lean_route":"sign","lean_declarations":["RealRooted.threeTerm_interlaces_of_nonnegCoeffs","RealRooted.LiuWang.strictInterl_nonpos_lag_sequence"],"certificate_hash":"3996e765c452c2e479fdae0816105d4fc88454bebcd1691834b98b6fd5ca9766","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"strict","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]}],"truncated":false,"expanded":6}
