{"id":"n-a9f53fa0d0ff53f6","revision":0,"first_index":0,"fingerprint":"f6-4b61633885bd0ded","name":"theta_plus_one of basis_map_A013609 of Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","polytool_family":null,"interpretation":null,"rows_observed":15,"degree_pattern":"affine","degree_slope":2,"degree_intercept":0,"palindromic":0,"gamma_positive":0,"nonnegative":1,"rr_by_factors":false,"rows":[["1"],["6","24","12"],["36","288","576","384","80"],["216","2592","9072","13824","10080","3456","448"],["1296","20736","103680","248832","328320","248832","107520","24576","2304"],["7776","155520","1010880","3317760","6393600","7713792","5967360","2949120","898560","153600","11264"],["46656","1119744","8957952","37324800","94867200","158257152","179601408","140673024","75893760","27648000","6488064","884736","53248"],["279936","7838208","74462976","376233984","1188794880","2539579392","3824464896","4151181312","3278112768","1881169920","774918144","222953472","42491904","4816896","245760"],["1679616","53747712","591224832","3511517184","13272698880","34613526528","65158152192","90901315584","95378300928","75751096320","45507280896","20511719424","6816595968","1618477056","259522560","25165824","1114112"],["10077696","362797056","4534963200","30958682112","136250449920","419877126144","949865398272","1623610884096","2134536634368","2180723834880","1739252072448","1082407256064","522677256192","193523613696","53827338240","10871635968","1504051200","127401984","4980736"],["60466176","2418647040","33861058560","261213880320","1312116019200","4667021328384","12340474675200","25007735439360","39610988789760","49662885888000","49656579489792","39730308710400","25429276753920","12966973931520","5223481344000","1638899122176","391654932480","68797071360","8367636480","629145600","22020096"],["362797056","15963070464","247427592192","2128409395200","12016644710400","48463881928704","146728996356096","344177988599808","638735659499520","951162509721600","1147143293632512","1126813472391168","903809867710464","591834450493440","315425017036800","135971551051776","46925675495424","12764149972992","2672563322880","415236096000","45053116416","3045064704","96468992"],["2176782336","104485552128","1776254386176","16857002409984","105675526471680","476593431773184","1626161535516672","4335825347149824","9233423070068736","15944340461322240","22560912558784512","26343609452199936","25494293553610752","20489474018377728","13673280338657280","7558798440923136","3445118072782848","1284688991748096","387499985731584","92979666616320","17317836619776","2411691245568","236156092416","14495514624","419430400"],["13060694016","679156088832","12564387643392","130397969055744","898749890887680","4482430186291200","17021060206166016","50858427634679808","122297297075306496","240457477104599040","390971948895830016","529937346242543616","602084270841790464","575338404913348608","463141746801377280","314036945921507328","179030926093713408","85495991859412992","33999431468580864","11162343513784320","2988608650739712","641290626662400","107541317025792","13567801688064","1210476134400","68048388096","1811939328"],["78364164096","4388393189376","87767863787520","988851265339392","7432231465451520","40618967360864256","169913383234043904","562488542962384896","1507909436580298752","3327667628471746560","6117768287968296960","9451998207648202752","12349922157347733504","13705852724875100160","12954909024788152320","10442554457047695360","7177732535894409216","4200888092288090112","2087319370979082240","876422749885562880","308890456144478208","90533135401353216","21783482493566976","4226370225831936","644431321497600","74308839800832","6088116142080","315680096256","7784628224"]],"degrees":[0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28],"row_sums":["1","42","1364","39688","1086096","28579232","731815744","18367544448","453973135616","11084926454272","268013766349824","6427501315524608","153091394969767936","3625110741955878912","85408637480690991104"],"nonn":true,"definitions":[{"position":0,"source":"derived:theta_plus_one","source_kind":"derived","equality_edge_id":null,"recurrence":{"first_index":0,"initial_polynomials":[["1"]],"recurrence":{"denominator":{"coeffs":[["3","0","-2"],["0","6","4"]]},"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["18","72","96","48","8"],["0","36","96","72","16"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":1,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"}}],"properties":[{"id":190963,"position":0,"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region_key":"(-inf, 0]","provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"label":"Real-rooted","description":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-3170d93d5a21642c"]},{"id":190964,"position":1,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"alternating":false,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0},"label":"Coefficients of one sign","description":"Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-3170d93d5a21642c"]},{"id":190965,"position":2,"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0},"label":"Hadamard kernel (Malo)","description":"Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-3170d93d5a21642c"]}],"region_exact":{},"incoming_edges":[{"id":"e-3170d93d5a21642c","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"euler_polynomial\",\"coefficients\":[{\"numerator\":[\"1\"],\"denominator\":[\"1\"]},{\"numerator\":[\"1\"],\"denominator\":[\"1\"]}]}"},"operation_detail":"euler_polynomial, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-a9f53fa0d0ff53f6","premise_count":1,"theorem":"Laguerre's theorem on multiplier sequences: if f is a real polynomial whose roots are all real and <= 0, then (f(k))_(k >= 0) is a multiplier sequence, so x^k -> f(k) x^k maps every real-rooted polynomial to a real-rooted polynomial or zero (Laguerre; see T. Craven and G. Csordas, Multiplier sequences for fields, Illinois J. Math. 21 (1977); Polya--Schur, Theorem 40 of P. Branden, arXiv:1410.6601: sum_k f(k) x^k / k! = f(theta) e^x = C e^x x^m prod (1 + x/a_j), a_j > 0); f(k) has one sign for k >= 0, so coefficients of one sign stay of one sign; applied to f(n, .) for each n","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":["RealRooted.isMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos","RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos","RealRooted.isMultiplierSequence_iff_preserves"],"certificate_hash":"57d2b903f68ac4926c6edbca11db0309deb73b89f50252fffda015ad9e9b3ba8","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-2422ccdf8fc66e9a","role":"sequence","name":"basis_map_A013609 of Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]}],"used_by":[],"used_by_total":0,"links":[],"oeis":[],"bfiles":[],"oeis_texts":[{"oeis_id":"","target":"node","first_row":0,"oeis_offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false,"rows_shown":10,"polytool_commit":"c48629374597092cc41ef4d6273f37991516f984","triangle_example":"Triangle begins:\n  0:        1;\n  1:        6,        24,         12;\n  2:       36,       288,        576,         384,           80;\n  3:      216,      2592,       9072,       13824,        10080,         3456,          448;\n  4:     1296,     20736,     103680,      248832,       328320,       248832,       107520,         24576,          2304;\n  5:     7776,    155520,    1010880,     3317760,      6393600,      7713792,      5967360,       2949120,        898560,        153600,         11264;\n  6:    46656,   1119744,    8957952,    37324800,     94867200,    158257152,    179601408,     140673024,      75893760,      27648000,       6488064,        884736,        53248;\n  7:   279936,   7838208,   74462976,   376233984,   1188794880,   2539579392,   3824464896,    4151181312,    3278112768,    1881169920,     774918144,     222953472,     42491904,      4816896,      245760;\n  8:  1679616,  53747712,  591224832,  3511517184,  13272698880,  34613526528,  65158152192,   90901315584,   95378300928,   75751096320,   45507280896,   20511719424,   6816595968,   1618477056,   259522560,    25165824,    1114112;\n  9: 10077696, 362797056, 4534963200, 30958682112, 136250449920, 419877126144, 949865398272, 1623610884096, 2134536634368, 2180723834880, 1739252072448, 1082407256064, 522677256192, 193523613696, 53827338240, 10871635968, 1504051200, 127401984, 4980736;\n","recurrence_sentence":"The row polynomials satisfy (3+6*n*x+(4*n-2)*x^2)*P(n,x) = (18+(36*n+72)*x+(96*n+96)*x^2+(72*n+48)*x^3+(16*n+8)*x^4)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.","mathematica":"P[0, x_] := 1;\nP[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((18 + (36*n + 72)*x + (96*n + 96)*x^2 + (72*n + 48)*x^3 + (16*n + 8)*x^4)*P[n - 1, x])/(3 + 6*n*x + (4*n - 2)*x^2)]];\nTable[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten","pari":"P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((18 + (36*n + 72)*x + (96*n + 96)*x^2 + (72*n + 48)*x^3 + (16*n + 8)*x^4)*v[i - 1])/(3 + 6*n*x + (4*n - 2)*x^2)); v};\nrow(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};\nT(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};\nT(9)","reading":{"first_row":0,"offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false}}],"derivation":{"root":"n-d3c3090977105807","steps":["basis A013609","\u03b8+1"],"edges":["e-e79851ce4a3e511f","e-3170d93d5a21642c"],"text":"A272867 \u2192 basis A013609 \u2192 \u03b8+1"},"headline":"A272867 \u2192 basis A013609 \u2192 \u03b8+1","chain":null}
