{"id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","revision":3,"first_index":0,"fingerprint":"f6-2ee8a94f56aa5e4f","name":"Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j)).","polytool_family":null,"interpretation":null,"rows_observed":15,"degree_pattern":"affine","degree_slope":1,"degree_intercept":0,"palindromic":0,"gamma_positive":0,"nonnegative":1,"rr_by_factors":true,"rows":[["1"],["2","1"],["6","5","1"],["24","26","9","1"],["120","154","71","14","1"],["720","1044","580","155","20","1"],["5040","8028","5104","1665","295","27","1"],["40320","69264","48860","18424","4025","511","35","1"],["362880","663696","509004","214676","54649","8624","826","44","1"],["3628800","6999840","5753736","2655764","761166","140889","16884","1266","54","1"],["39916800","80627040","70290936","34967140","11028590","2310945","326613","30810","1860","65","1"],["479001600","1007441280","924118272","489896616","167310220","38759930","6230301","696333","53130","2640","77","1"],["6227020800","13575738240","13020978816","7292774280","2664929476","671189310","119753843","15282630","1387023","87450","3641","90","1"],["87178291200","196287356160","195869441664","115119818736","44601786944","12061579816","2347743112","333710663","34700952","2611323","138424","4901","104","1"],["1307674368000","3031488633600","3134328981120","1922666722704","784146622896","225525484184","47277726496","7353403057","854224943","73870797","4687683","211939","6461","119","1"]],"degrees":[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14],"row_sums":["1","3","12","60","360","2520","20160","181440","1814400","19958400","239500800","3113510400","43589145600","653837184000","10461394944000"],"nonn":true,"definitions":[{"position":0,"source":"oeis_catalog:A136124","source_kind":"oeis_catalog","equality_edge_id":null,"recurrence":{"first_index":0,"initial_polynomials":[["1"]],"recurrence":{"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["1","1"],["1","0"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":1,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"}}],"properties":[{"id":159254,"position":0,"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region_key":"(-inf, 0)","provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},"label":"Real-rooted","description":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0)","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-ab2b07f2d97ec943"]},{"id":159255,"position":1,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"alternating":false,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0},"label":"Coefficients of one sign","description":"Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-ab2b07f2d97ec943","e-ea4f969963775c13","e-ed30910ee779b0d9","e-f17aff623964d25a"]},{"id":159256,"position":2,"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0},"label":"Hadamard kernel (Malo)","description":"Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-ab2b07f2d97ec943","e-ea4f969963775c13","e-ed30910ee779b0d9","e-f17aff623964d25a"]},{"id":159257,"position":3,"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"region_key":null,"provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"},"label":"Interlacing of consecutive rows","description":"Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, previous interlaces next) for every m >= 1","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-ab2b07f2d97ec943"]},{"id":159258,"position":4,"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region_key":"(-inf, 0]","provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"label":"Real-rooted","description":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-ed30910ee779b0d9","e-f17aff623964d25a"]},{"id":159259,"position":5,"claim":"basis_map_preserver","from_index":null,"region_key":null,"provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"basis_map_preserver","input_interval":"(-inf, 0]","output_interval":"(-inf, 0]","statement":"(-inf, 0] -> (-inf, 0] through R_s, s = 1, and U_g"},"label":"Basis map preserves real-rootedness","description":"Basis map u^k -> P_k sends roots in (-inf, 0] to roots in (-inf, 0]: (-inf, 0] -> (-inf, 0] through R_s, s = 1, and U_g","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-b7b551b1755ad9dc"]},{"id":159260,"position":6,"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region_key":"(-inf, -1]","provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"-1"}}},"label":"Real-rooted","description":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, -1]","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-ea4f969963775c13"]},{"id":159261,"position":7,"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"region_key":null,"provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"},"label":"Interlacing of consecutive rows","description":"Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-ea4f969963775c13"]}],"region_exact":{},"incoming_edges":[{"id":"e-ed30910ee779b0d9","operation":{"map":"A007318","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A007318","conclusion_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","premise_count":1,"theorem":"geometric family P_k = g(t) (a + d t)^k: T(p) = g(t) p(a + d t), so the roots of T(p) are those of g and the points (r - a)/d for the roots r of p (elementary)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"7c85b1465afe8eb2a45d0a76cc7127a45bcf488d3f7b6e21090f3e728e4ffb52","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-efe23a76953cf69d","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle T(n,k), 0 <= k <= n, read by rows, giving coefficients of the polynomial (x+1)(x+2)...(x+n), expanded in increasing powers of x. T(n,k) is also the unsigned Stirling number |s(n+1, k+1)|, denoting the number of permutations on n+1 elements that contain exactly k+1 cycles.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},{"id":"e-b7b551b1755ad9dc","operation":{"operation":"basis_map_theorem"},"operation_detail":null,"conclusion_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","premise_count":0,"theorem":"index-dependent scalar term: P_(k+1) = (L + k s) P_k with L f = (a + b t) f + kappa (t - h) f' gives T = U_g o R_s (RealRooted basisMap_factorization_of_scalarIndex_recurrence), where R_s(u^k) = u (u + s) ... (u + (k-1) s) keeps every root <= 0 for s >= 0 (Su, Yang and Zhang, Australas. J. Combin. 56 (2013), Theorem 4; Brenti, Mem. AMS 413 (1989), Theorem 2.4.3; RealRooted NewtonParametersAffine.preservesNonposRooted) and U_g(u^k) = L^k g sends (-inf, a + b h + kappa m] into (-inf, h] (RealRooted rayBasisMap_maps_realRootedIn_iff)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"08984e77a22c75a58504bbb3ac6482ef21fb2c4e145462151499dc138338eac9","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"basis_map_preserver","input_interval":"(-inf, 0]","output_interval":"(-inf, 0]","statement":"(-inf, 0] -> (-inf, 0] through R_s, s = 1, and U_g"}],"premises":[]},{"id":"e-f17aff623964d25a","operation":{"operation":"parent_provers","route":"root_domain"},"operation_detail":"root_domain","conclusion_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","premise_count":0,"theorem":"polytool parent provers, route root_domain: every parent row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"1d6fbe490426718de898b8aa2ebe3784acfb249d2ee764133a045e8e4a8a81a1","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[]},{"id":"e-ea4f969963775c13","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"affine\",\"slope\":\"1\",\"intercept\":\"1\"}"},"operation_detail":"affine, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","premise_count":1,"theorem":"a real affine substitution x -> a x + b (a != 0), the reversal x^d p(1/x) (d >= deg p) and a real Mobius map (c x + e)^d p((a x + b)/(c x + e)) (a e - b c != 0, d >= deg p) map real roots to real roots: a root r of p gives the root (r - b)/a, 1/r (and 0) or (e r - b)/(a - c r) (and -e/c); for an input row that is a polynomial the degree condition holds automatically","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":["Polynomial.Splits.comp_of_degree_le_one"],"certificate_hash":"d852418f8ed81d7ccb70190b113cd25cb1635573038b00edcbd40faa7cd1a94f","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"-1"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-efe23a76953cf69d","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle T(n,k), 0 <= k <= n, read by rows, giving coefficients of the polynomial (x+1)(x+2)...(x+n), expanded in increasing powers of x. T(n,k) is also the unsigned Stirling number |s(n+1, k+1)|, denoting the number of permutations on n+1 elements that contain exactly k+1 cycles.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},{"id":"e-ab2b07f2d97ec943","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"liu_wang"},"operation_detail":"liu_wang","conclusion_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","premise_count":0,"theorem":"L. L. Liu and Y. Wang, A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros, Adv. in Appl. Math. 38 (2007) 542-560, Theorem 2.1 with g = f' (as in their Corollary 2.4), with nonnegativity of the coefficients replaced by an exact induction keeping every root in (-inf, 0)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"79d02c5a36360f9810d7c5869af7a30036c37439780b9a4dd4c5504b9f3b1457","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]}],"used_by":[{"id":"e-3581c2f82a666ba6","operation":"basis_map","operation_detail":"A013609","conclusion_id":"n-fb9493e648020cca","conclusion_name":"basis_map_A013609 of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j))."},{"id":"e-3fcdea1a6c83c49b","operation":"basis_map","operation_detail":"A007318","conclusion_id":"n-634bc9ca21d13c4b","conclusion_name":"basis_map_A007318 of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j))."},{"id":"e-bb12b9c216f60d78","operation":"basis_map","operation_detail":"A013610","conclusion_id":"n-f617181cb238a8cd","conclusion_name":"basis_map_A013610 of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j))."},{"id":"e-de8013a655bc6eea","operation":"basis_map","operation_detail":"A013611","conclusion_id":"n-8154ef694225968c","conclusion_name":"basis_map_A013611 of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j))."},{"id":"e-ee916620aebbdaf6","operation":"basis_map","operation_detail":"A008277","conclusion_id":"n-3a3dbf7079b1a5e6","conclusion_name":"basis_map_A008277 of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j))."},{"id":"e-3ae7b36147808534","operation":"obreschkoff_combination","operation_detail":null,"conclusion_id":"n-3b510ec5de6f5747","conclusion_name":"obreschkoff_combination of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j))."},{"id":"e-3ae7b36147808534","operation":"obreschkoff_combination","operation_detail":null,"conclusion_id":"n-3b510ec5de6f5747","conclusion_name":"obreschkoff_combination of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j))."}],"used_by_total":7,"links":[{"id":"l-0fba51ddd72a9a02","kind":"fingerprint_related","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":"n-c237629cf5fdbb07","fingerprint":"f6-2ee8a94f56aa5e4f","oeis_id":null,"in_catalog":null,"target":null,"row_alignment":null,"rows_matched":null,"oeis_nonn":null,"details":{"fingerprint":"f6-2ee8a94f56aa5e4f"},"other_id":"n-c237629cf5fdbb07","other":{"id":"n-c237629cf5fdbb07","name":"Unsigned 2-Stirling numbers of the first kind.","first_index":0,"fingerprint":"f6-2ee8a94f56aa5e4f","polytool_family":null,"degree_pattern":"affine","palindromic":0,"gamma_positive":0,"nonnegative":1,"rr_by_factors":1,"preview_rows":[["6","5","1"],["24","26","9","1"],["120","154","71","14","1"]],"card_rows":[["6","5","1"],["24","26","9","1"],["120","154","71","14","1"],["720","1044","580","155","20","1"]],"row_sums_preview":["12","60","360","2520","20160","181440","1814400","19958400"],"regions":["(-inf, 0)","(-inf, 0]"],"region_exact":{},"oeis_ids":[],"derivation":{"root":"n-c237629cf5fdbb07","steps":[],"edges":[],"text":"A143491"},"headline":"Unsigned 2-Stirling numbers of the first kind.","chain":null}},{"id":"l-428902464d1febff","kind":"fingerprint_related","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":"n-2feb6dc01f424b0a","fingerprint":"f6-2ee8a94f56aa5e4f","oeis_id":null,"in_catalog":null,"target":null,"row_alignment":null,"rows_matched":null,"oeis_nonn":null,"details":{"fingerprint":"f6-2ee8a94f56aa5e4f"},"other_id":"n-2feb6dc01f424b0a","other":{"id":"n-2feb6dc01f424b0a","name":"Triangle read by rows: coefficients of 1; 1(X+2); 1(X+2)(X+3); 1(X+2)(X+3)(X+4); ....","first_index":0,"fingerprint":"f6-2ee8a94f56aa5e4f","polytool_family":null,"degree_pattern":"affine","palindromic":0,"gamma_positive":0,"nonnegative":1,"rr_by_factors":1,"preview_rows":[["1"],["1","2"],["1","5","6"]],"card_rows":[["1"],["1","2"],["1","5","6"],["1","9","26","24"]],"row_sums_preview":["1","3","12","60","360","2520","20160","181440"],"regions":["(-inf, 0)","(-inf, 0]","[-1, 0]"],"region_exact":{},"oeis_ids":["A145324"],"derivation":{"root":"n-2feb6dc01f424b0a","steps":[],"edges":[],"text":"A145324"},"headline":"A145324: Triangle read by rows: coefficients of 1; 1(X+2); 1(X+2)(X+3); 1(X+2)(X+3)(X+4); ....","chain":null}},{"id":"l-18d1da8d30799638","kind":"oeis_match","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":null,"fingerprint":null,"oeis_id":"A143491","in_catalog":1,"target":"triangle","row_alignment":"tabl","rows_matched":9,"oeis_nonn":1,"details":{"alignment":{"first_row":0,"low_zeros_dropped":false,"oeis_offset":2,"oeis_term_position":0,"row_alignment":"tabl","rows_matched":9,"target":"triangle","terms_compared":49},"in_catalog":true,"oeis_id":"A143491","oeis_nonn":true},"other_id":null,"other":null},{"id":"l-56f26c491be23f81","kind":"oeis_match","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":null,"fingerprint":null,"oeis_id":"A188588","in_catalog":0,"target":"row_sums","row_alignment":null,"rows_matched":null,"oeis_nonn":1,"details":{"alignment":{"first_row":1,"low_zeros_dropped":false,"oeis_offset":0,"oeis_term_position":2,"target":"row_sums","terms_compared":14},"in_catalog":false,"oeis_id":"A188588","oeis_nonn":true},"other_id":null,"other":null},{"id":"l-830f49bf27e9f98e","kind":"oeis_match","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":null,"fingerprint":null,"oeis_id":"A357711","in_catalog":0,"target":"row_sums","row_alignment":null,"rows_matched":null,"oeis_nonn":1,"details":{"alignment":{"first_row":2,"low_zeros_dropped":false,"oeis_offset":0,"oeis_term_position":3,"target":"row_sums","terms_compared":13},"in_catalog":false,"oeis_id":"A357711","oeis_nonn":true},"other_id":null,"other":null},{"id":"l-afbb49720bc933d7","kind":"oeis_match","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":null,"fingerprint":null,"oeis_id":"A136124","in_catalog":1,"target":"triangle","row_alignment":"tabl","rows_matched":9,"oeis_nonn":1,"details":{"alignment":{"first_row":0,"low_zeros_dropped":false,"oeis_offset":2,"oeis_term_position":0,"row_alignment":"tabl","rows_matched":9,"target":"triangle","terms_compared":49},"in_catalog":true,"oeis_id":"A136124","oeis_nonn":true},"other_id":null,"other":null},{"id":"l-b22a90e9ca2c914e","kind":"oeis_match","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":null,"fingerprint":null,"oeis_id":"A145324","in_catalog":1,"target":"reversed_triangle","row_alignment":"tabl","rows_matched":9,"oeis_nonn":1,"details":{"alignment":{"first_row":0,"low_zeros_dropped":false,"oeis_offset":1,"oeis_term_position":0,"row_alignment":"tabl","rows_matched":9,"target":"reversed_triangle","terms_compared":51},"in_catalog":true,"oeis_id":"A145324","oeis_nonn":true},"other_id":null,"other":null},{"id":"l-ca8fdc4f835372d2","kind":"oeis_match","node_a_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","node_b_id":null,"fingerprint":null,"oeis_id":"A001710","in_catalog":0,"target":"row_sums","row_alignment":null,"rows_matched":null,"oeis_nonn":1,"details":{"alignment":{"first_row":0,"low_zeros_dropped":false,"oeis_offset":0,"oeis_term_position":2,"target":"row_sums","terms_compared":15},"in_catalog":false,"oeis_id":"A001710","oeis_nonn":true},"other_id":null,"other":null}],"oeis":[{"oeis_id":"A136124","relation":"identification"},{"oeis_id":"A145324","relation":"match_reversed_triangle"},{"oeis_id":"A001710","relation":"match_row_sums"},{"oeis_id":"A188588","relation":"match_row_sums"},{"oeis_id":"A357711","relation":"match_row_sums"},{"oeis_id":"A136124","relation":"match_triangle"},{"oeis_id":"A143491","relation":"match_triangle"}],"bfiles":[{"node_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","oeis_id":"A136124","target":"triangle","oeis_offset":2,"first_row":0,"rows_used":44,"terms_matched":49,"oeis_terms_agreeing":49,"oeis_terms_available":49,"term_count":990,"raw_size":27405},{"node_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","oeis_id":"A143491","target":"triangle","oeis_offset":2,"first_row":0,"rows_used":44,"terms_matched":49,"oeis_terms_agreeing":49,"oeis_terms_available":49,"term_count":990,"raw_size":27405},{"node_id":"n-914700b1060feeb2","oeis_id":"A145324","target":"reversed_triangle","oeis_offset":1,"first_row":0,"rows_used":44,"terms_matched":51,"oeis_terms_agreeing":51,"oeis_terms_available":51,"term_count":990,"raw_size":27403}],"oeis_texts":[{"oeis_id":"","target":"node","first_row":0,"oeis_offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false,"rows_shown":10,"polytool_commit":"c48629374597092cc41ef4d6273f37991516f984","triangle_example":"Triangle begins:\n  0:       1;\n  1:       2,       1;\n  2:       6,       5,       1;\n  3:      24,      26,       9,       1;\n  4:     120,     154,      71,      14,      1;\n  5:     720,    1044,     580,     155,     20,      1;\n  6:    5040,    8028,    5104,    1665,    295,     27,     1;\n  7:   40320,   69264,   48860,   18424,   4025,    511,    35,    1;\n  8:  362880,  663696,  509004,  214676,  54649,   8624,   826,   44,  1;\n  9: 3628800, 6999840, 5753736, 2655764, 761166, 140889, 16884, 1266, 54, 1;\n","recurrence_sentence":"The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (n+1+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.","mathematica":"P[0, x_] := 1;\nP[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n + 1 + x)*P[n - 1, x]];\nTable[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten","pari":"P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (n + 1 + x)*v[i - 1]); v};\nrow(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};\nT(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};\nT(9)","reading":{"first_row":0,"offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false}},{"oeis_id":"A136124","target":"triangle","first_row":0,"oeis_offset":2,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":true,"rows_shown":10,"polytool_commit":"c48629374597092cc41ef4d6273f37991516f984","triangle_example":"Triangle begins:\n   2:       1;\n   3:       2,       1;\n   4:       6,       5,       1;\n   5:      24,      26,       9,       1;\n   6:     120,     154,      71,      14,      1;\n   7:     720,    1044,     580,     155,     20,      1;\n   8:    5040,    8028,    5104,    1665,    295,     27,     1;\n   9:   40320,   69264,   48860,   18424,   4025,    511,    35,    1;\n  10:  362880,  663696,  509004,  214676,  54649,   8624,   826,   44,  1;\n  11: 3628800, 6999840, 5753736, 2655764, 761166, 140889, 16884, 1266, 54, 1;\n","recurrence_sentence":"The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (n-1+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 3, with P(2,x) = 1.","mathematica":"P[2, x_] := 1;\nP[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n - 1 + x)*P[n - 1, x]];\nTable[PadRight[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], n - 1], {n, 2, 11}] // Flatten","pari":"P(N) = {my(v = vector(N - 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 3, N, my(i = n - 1); v[i] = (n - 1 + x)*v[i - 1]); v};\nrow(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c = concat(c, vector(n - 1 - #c)); c};\nT(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i + 1, v[i])))};\nT(11)","reading":{"first_row":0,"offset":2,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":true}},{"oeis_id":"A143491","target":"triangle","first_row":0,"oeis_offset":2,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":true,"rows_shown":10,"polytool_commit":"c48629374597092cc41ef4d6273f37991516f984","triangle_example":"Triangle begins:\n   2:       1;\n   3:       2,       1;\n   4:       6,       5,       1;\n   5:      24,      26,       9,       1;\n   6:     120,     154,      71,      14,      1;\n   7:     720,    1044,     580,     155,     20,      1;\n   8:    5040,    8028,    5104,    1665,    295,     27,     1;\n   9:   40320,   69264,   48860,   18424,   4025,    511,    35,    1;\n  10:  362880,  663696,  509004,  214676,  54649,   8624,   826,   44,  1;\n  11: 3628800, 6999840, 5753736, 2655764, 761166, 140889, 16884, 1266, 54, 1;\n","recurrence_sentence":"The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (n-1+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 3, with P(2,x) = 1.","mathematica":"P[2, x_] := 1;\nP[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n - 1 + x)*P[n - 1, x]];\nTable[PadRight[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], n - 1], {n, 2, 11}] // Flatten","pari":"P(N) = {my(v = vector(N - 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 3, N, my(i = n - 1); v[i] = (n - 1 + x)*v[i - 1]); v};\nrow(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c = concat(c, vector(n - 1 - #c)); c};\nT(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i + 1, v[i])))};\nT(11)","reading":{"first_row":0,"offset":2,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":true}},{"oeis_id":"A145324","target":"reversed_triangle","first_row":0,"oeis_offset":1,"reversed":true,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":true,"rows_shown":10,"polytool_commit":"c48629374597092cc41ef4d6273f37991516f984","triangle_example":"Triangle begins:\n   1: 1;\n   2: 1,  2;\n   3: 1,  5,    6;\n   4: 1,  9,   26,    24;\n   5: 1, 14,   71,   154,    120;\n   6: 1, 20,  155,   580,   1044,    720;\n   7: 1, 27,  295,  1665,   5104,   8028,    5040;\n   8: 1, 35,  511,  4025,  18424,  48860,   69264,   40320;\n   9: 1, 44,  826,  8624,  54649, 214676,  509004,  663696,  362880;\n  10: 1, 54, 1266, 16884, 140889, 761166, 2655764, 5753736, 6999840, 3628800;\n","recurrence_sentence":"Row n lists the coefficients of P(n,x) in descending powers of x, where P(n,x) = (n+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(1,x) = 1.","mathematica":"P[1, x_] := 1;\nP[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n + x)*P[n - 1, x]];\nTable[Reverse[PadRight[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], n]], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten","pari":"P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n); v[i] = (n + x)*v[i - 1]); v};\nrow(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c = concat(c, vector(n - #c)); c = Vecrev(c); c};\nT(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};\nT(10)","reading":{"first_row":0,"offset":1,"reversed":true,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":true}}],"derivation":{"root":"n-914700b1060feeb2","steps":[],"edges":[],"text":"A136124"},"headline":"A136124: Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = (-1)^(n+k)*Sum_{j=1..k} s(n,j), where s(n,j) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind (n >= 2; 1 <= k <= n-1; s(n,j) = A008275(n,j)).","chain":null}
