{"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-90df9a6df8f03b45","operation":{"map":"A007318","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A007318","conclusion_id":"n-2accfa5d21a32af7","premise_count":1,"theorem":"geometric family P_k = g(t) (a + d t)^k: T(p) = g(t) p(a + d t), so the roots of T(p) are those of g and the points (r - a)/d for the roots r of p (elementary)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"6087a284ce40499f0fa606fd20e5ff30dd4d27527b6cacb7075f77c247a96854","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","role":"sequence","name":"basis_map_A007318 of Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","role":"sequence","name":"basis_map_A007318 of Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-8bd02eafb0f0a53d","operation":{"map":"A007318","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A007318","conclusion_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","premise_count":1,"theorem":"geometric family P_k = g(t) (a + d t)^k: T(p) = g(t) p(a + d t), so the roots of T(p) are those of g and the points (r - a)/d for the roots r of p (elementary)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"4885f65b74b14224130f1e0cfc4ea589db71aacb70fe51b19cda00ebaf4d1b78","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-fd268ef2c64764c5","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"liu_wang"},"operation_detail":"liu_wang","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"L. L. Liu and Y. Wang, A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros, Adv. in Appl. Math. 38 (2007) 542-560, Theorem 2.1 with g = f' (as in their Corollary 2.4), with nonnegativity of the coefficients replaced by an exact induction keeping every root in (-inf, 0)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"fd59b6d7731b8d94289a0924e3642a4613caff93c30d49fbb621774d572ffa09","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-a464fe87e26690eb","operation":{"operation":"parent_provers","route":"paper_theorem"},"operation_detail":"paper_theorem","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"polytool parent provers, route paper_theorem: every parent row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"7fcf10f18cb2cc94fc539cdcff1c7e217fcba88952538db9d94aecb0e07572cd","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-f11d2b7815563c17","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"iterated_preserver"},"operation_detail":"iterated_preserver","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"Iterated real-rootedness preservers (induction on n): if P_m is nonzero and real-rooted with every root in a closed region R and, for every n > m, P_n = a_n(x) S_n(P_(n-1)) where S_n maps every polynomial that is zero or real-rooted with every root in R to zero or a real-rooted polynomial with every root in R and a_n is real-rooted with every root in R, then every P_n is real-rooted with every root in R (the roots of a product are the roots of its factors); an exact degree step keeps every row nonzero; here S_n is the identity","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"29b4002a059a305ac22aa7cc1cb0895fec9878036f68877e5bc5d40da1c2850b","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]}]}]},{"edge":{"id":"e-e3261de379c81fe0","operation":{"map":"A007318","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A007318","conclusion_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","premise_count":1,"theorem":"geometric family P_k = g(t) (a + d t)^k: T(p) = g(t) p(a + d t), so the roots of T(p) are those of g and the points (r - a)/d for the roots r of p (elementary)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"a71ac9f2b1e3023fca51b94bb9ce56a8b86fbfc7782006bd43f76532eac5b7e2","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-fd268ef2c64764c5","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"liu_wang"},"operation_detail":"liu_wang","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"L. L. Liu and Y. Wang, A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros, Adv. in Appl. Math. 38 (2007) 542-560, Theorem 2.1 with g = f' (as in their Corollary 2.4), with nonnegativity of the coefficients replaced by an exact induction keeping every root in (-inf, 0)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"fd59b6d7731b8d94289a0924e3642a4613caff93c30d49fbb621774d572ffa09","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-a464fe87e26690eb","operation":{"operation":"parent_provers","route":"paper_theorem"},"operation_detail":"paper_theorem","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"polytool parent provers, route paper_theorem: every parent row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"7fcf10f18cb2cc94fc539cdcff1c7e217fcba88952538db9d94aecb0e07572cd","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-f11d2b7815563c17","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"iterated_preserver"},"operation_detail":"iterated_preserver","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"Iterated real-rootedness preservers (induction on n): if P_m is nonzero and real-rooted with every root in a closed region R and, for every n > m, P_n = a_n(x) S_n(P_(n-1)) where S_n maps every polynomial that is zero or real-rooted with every root in R to zero or a real-rooted polynomial with every root in R and a_n is real-rooted with every root in R, then every P_n is real-rooted with every root in R (the roots of a product are the roots of its factors); an exact degree step keeps every row nonzero; here S_n is the identity","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"29b4002a059a305ac22aa7cc1cb0895fec9878036f68877e5bc5d40da1c2850b","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]}]}]},{"edge":{"id":"e-e8e9837ac75fd374","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"affine\",\"slope\":\"1\",\"intercept\":\"1\"}"},"operation_detail":"affine, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","premise_count":1,"theorem":"a real affine substitution x -> a x + b (a != 0), the reversal x^d p(1/x) (d >= deg p) and a real Mobius map (c x + e)^d p((a x + b)/(c x + e)) (a e - b c != 0, d >= deg p) map real roots to real roots: a root r of p gives the root (r - b)/a, 1/r (and 0) or (e r - b)/(a - c r) (and -e/c); for an input row that is a polynomial the degree condition holds automatically","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":["Polynomial.Splits.comp_of_degree_le_one"],"certificate_hash":"342220e44111aafa6296c7a2a929808f81be6e362b7de2cd7b8f8ac3be697d95","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"-1"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-fd268ef2c64764c5","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"liu_wang"},"operation_detail":"liu_wang","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"L. L. Liu and Y. Wang, A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros, Adv. in Appl. Math. 38 (2007) 542-560, Theorem 2.1 with g = f' (as in their Corollary 2.4), with nonnegativity of the coefficients replaced by an exact induction keeping every root in (-inf, 0)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"fd59b6d7731b8d94289a0924e3642a4613caff93c30d49fbb621774d572ffa09","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":false,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-a464fe87e26690eb","operation":{"operation":"parent_provers","route":"paper_theorem"},"operation_detail":"paper_theorem","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"polytool parent provers, route paper_theorem: every parent row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"7fcf10f18cb2cc94fc539cdcff1c7e217fcba88952538db9d94aecb0e07572cd","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-f11d2b7815563c17","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"iterated_preserver"},"operation_detail":"iterated_preserver","conclusion_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","premise_count":0,"theorem":"Iterated real-rootedness preservers (induction on n): if P_m is nonzero and real-rooted with every root in a closed region R and, for every n > m, P_n = a_n(x) S_n(P_(n-1)) where S_n maps every polynomial that is zero or real-rooted with every root in R to zero or a real-rooted polynomial with every root in R and a_n is real-rooted with every root in R, then every P_n is real-rooted with every root in R (the roots of a product are the roots of its factors); an exact degree step keeps every row nonzero; here S_n is the identity","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"29b4002a059a305ac22aa7cc1cb0895fec9878036f68877e5bc5d40da1c2850b","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"previous_interlaces_next"}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]}]}]}]}]},{"edge":{"id":"e-5cb59165f26847ca","operation":{"operation":"definition_equality"},"operation_detail":null,"conclusion_id":"n-2accfa5d21a32af7","premise_count":0,"theorem":"all-index identity Q_n = P_n certified by exact Ore-algebra division and identifying rows (polytool preserver-image certificate of the identity map)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"e5f9cf739775e90134fe4e055d650716f9272eecff97288bcce6bf25cc1c058e","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[],"premises":[]},"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-70cce12c20508210","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"affine\",\"slope\":\"1\",\"intercept\":\"1\"}"},"operation_detail":"affine, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-2accfa5d21a32af7","premise_count":1,"theorem":"a real affine substitution x -> a x + b (a != 0), the reversal x^d p(1/x) (d >= deg p) and a real Mobius map (c x + e)^d p((a x + b)/(c x + e)) (a e - b c != 0, d >= deg p) map real roots to real roots: a root r of p gives the root (r - b)/a, 1/r (and 0) or (e r - b)/(a - c r) (and -e/c); for an input row that is a polynomial the degree condition holds automatically","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":["Polynomial.Splits.comp_of_degree_le_one"],"certificate_hash":"b8529d213c52a416050f9b68038d777c38b8966abc0fafcff638054204e3e3e9","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"-1"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","role":"sequence","name":"basis_map_A007318 of Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","role":"sequence","name":"basis_map_A007318 of Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-8bd02eafb0f0a53d","operation":{"map":"A007318","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A007318","conclusion_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","premise_count":1,"theorem":"geometric family P_k = g(t) (a + d t)^k: T(p) = g(t) p(a + d t), so the roots of T(p) are those of g and the points (r - a)/d for the roots r of p (elementary)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"4885f65b74b14224130f1e0cfc4ea589db71aacb70fe51b19cda00ebaf4d1b78","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-e3261de379c81fe0","operation":{"map":"A007318","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A007318","conclusion_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","premise_count":1,"theorem":"geometric family P_k = g(t) (a + d t)^k: T(p) = g(t) p(a + d t), so the roots of T(p) are those of g and the points (r - a)/d for the roots r of p (elementary)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"a71ac9f2b1e3023fca51b94bb9ce56a8b86fbfc7782006bd43f76532eac5b7e2","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-e8e9837ac75fd374","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"affine\",\"slope\":\"1\",\"intercept\":\"1\"}"},"operation_detail":"affine, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-6b8ac0ed9d98a614","premise_count":1,"theorem":"a real affine substitution x -> a x + b (a != 0), the reversal x^d p(1/x) (d >= deg p) and a real Mobius map (c x + e)^d p((a x + b)/(c x + e)) (a e - b c != 0, d >= deg p) map real roots to real roots: a root r of p gives the root (r - b)/a, 1/r (and 0) or (e r - b)/(a - c r) (and -e/c); for an input row that is a polynomial the degree condition holds automatically","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":["Polynomial.Splits.comp_of_degree_le_one"],"certificate_hash":"342220e44111aafa6296c7a2a929808f81be6e362b7de2cd7b8f8ac3be697d95","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"-1"}}},{"claim":"interlacing","from_index":1,"kind":"weak","orientation":"unordered"}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-ecd77b030b8fab94","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle of coefficients of (x+1)*(x+3)*(x+6)*...*(x+n(n+1)/2).","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]}]}]}],"truncated":false,"expanded":9}