{"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-d90757b3c8e8ec14","operation":{"map":"A008277","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A008277","conclusion_id":"n-2a75e568b1aee671","premise_count":1,"theorem":"ray basis maps: for L f = (a + b t) f + kappa (t - h) f', b > 0, kappa >= 0, and g real-rooted with every root <= h, of multiplicity m at h, T(u^k) = L^k g sends every real polynomial with all roots in S to one with all roots in (-inf, h] if and only if S lies in (-inf, a + b h + kappa m] (RealRooted rayBasisMap_maps_realRootedIn_iff; the step is Ma and Wang, EJC 15 (2008) R17, Theorem 2)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"955a35327343550768e79435e6838a5bbc50077e397d510f8b8cddb6c4bb03e1","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-c4fd821a14172d5f","role":"sequence","name":"basis_map_A013610 of Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-c4fd821a14172d5f","role":"sequence","name":"basis_map_A013610 of Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-0f2bf5edb3121755","operation":{"map":"A013610","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A013610","conclusion_id":"n-c4fd821a14172d5f","premise_count":1,"theorem":"geometric family P_k = g(t) (a + d t)^k: T(p) = g(t) p(a + d t), so the roots of T(p) are those of g and the points (r - a)/d for the roots r of p (elementary)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"fc9fbfdf439eb2cfe6745a1db0358da18628e3abed18beccde24a840e1ed160e","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-5ec22502b867f3ab","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"iterated_preserver"},"operation_detail":"iterated_preserver","conclusion_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","premise_count":0,"theorem":"Iterated real-rootedness preservers (induction on n): if P_m is nonzero and real-rooted with every root in a closed region R and, for every n > m, P_n = a_n(x) S_n(P_(n-1)) where S_n maps every polynomial that is zero or real-rooted with every root in R to zero or a real-rooted polynomial with every root in R and a_n is real-rooted with every root in R, then every P_n is real-rooted with every root in R (the roots of a product are the roots of its factors); an exact degree step keeps every row nonzero; here S_n is the identity","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"9b3cf5eb8c99bbcac212cf7478880f17278a3b4df0af16cef693175dc87678cc","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-611a289e0ae3c45e","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"reversal\",\"schedule\":{\"first_index\":0,\"first_degree\":0,\"step\":2}}"},"operation_detail":"reversal, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","premise_count":1,"theorem":"a real affine substitution x -> a x + b (a != 0), the reversal x^d p(1/x) (d >= deg p) and a real Mobius map (c x + e)^d p((a x + b)/(c x + e)) (a e - b c != 0, d >= deg p) map real roots to real roots: a root r of p gives the root (r - b)/a, 1/r (and 0) or (e r - b)/(a - c r) (and -e/c); for an input row that is a polynomial the degree condition holds automatically","lean_route":"reversed","lean_declarations":["RealRooted.X_pow_mul_reverse_eq_zero_or_splits","RealRooted.reflect_eq_zero_or_splits"],"certificate_hash":"f21e32d91fc6cea32d1943d6f187318050225c1e5eab6473674741cb5e99e609","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]},"premises":[{"premise":{"position":0,"node_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle read by rows, T(n,k) = GegenbauerC(m,-n,-2) where m = k if k<n else 2*n-k, for n>=0 and 0<=k<=2n.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"},"chains":[{"edge":{"id":"e-5ec22502b867f3ab","operation":{"operation":"theorem_check","theorem":"iterated_preserver"},"operation_detail":"iterated_preserver","conclusion_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","premise_count":0,"theorem":"Iterated real-rootedness preservers (induction on n): if P_m is nonzero and real-rooted with every root in a closed region R and, for every n > m, P_n = a_n(x) S_n(P_(n-1)) where S_n maps every polynomial that is zero or real-rooted with every root in R to zero or a real-rooted polynomial with every root in R and a_n is real-rooted with every root in R, then every P_n is real-rooted with every root in R (the roots of a product are the roots of its factors); an exact degree step keeps every row nonzero; here S_n is the identity","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"9b3cf5eb8c99bbcac212cf7478880f17278a3b4df0af16cef693175dc87678cc","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]},{"edge":{"id":"e-eab26daf7024ea74","operation":{"operation":"parent_provers","route":"periodic_product"},"operation_detail":"periodic_product","conclusion_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","premise_count":0,"theorem":"polytool parent provers, route periodic_product: every parent row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"eea8c28b12fe36025ef313a8852af60a097c0a2dcb14f1a70bb95893b7f5f57c","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[]},"premises":[]}]}]},{"edge":{"id":"e-eab26daf7024ea74","operation":{"operation":"parent_provers","route":"periodic_product"},"operation_detail":"periodic_product","conclusion_id":"n-d3c3090977105807","premise_count":0,"theorem":"polytool parent provers, route periodic_product: every parent row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"eea8c28b12fe36025ef313a8852af60a097c0a2dcb14f1a70bb95893b7f5f57c","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[]},"repeat":true,"premises":[]}]}]}]}]}],"truncated":false,"expanded":5}
