{"certification":{"candidate":{"gauge":{"kind":"none"},"index_shift":0,"operator":{"coefficients":[{"denominator":["1"],"numerator":["1"]},{"denominator":["1"],"numerator":["1"]}],"shape":"euler_polynomial"},"parent":{"first_index":1,"initial_polynomials":[["1"]],"recurrence":{"denominator":{"coeffs":[["-3"],["3"]]},"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["-9","-4"],["9","2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":1,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","-9","-4"]]},"deriv_order":1,"offset":1,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"},"parent_name":"reversal of Riordan array (1, 3+x)."},"identifying_rows":1,"identity":{"certificate":{"certificate":{"dividend_relation":{"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","36","4"],["-81","-36","-2"],["0","-9","-2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"shift":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","162","144","20"],["0","-81","-18","6"],["0","0","-9","-2"]]},"deriv_order":1,"shift":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0","81","54","8"],["0","0","0","9","4"]]},"deriv_order":2,"shift":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0"],["27","0"],["0","3"]]},"deriv_order":0,"shift":1},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0","0"],["0","27","0"],["0","0","3"]]},"deriv_order":1,"shift":1}]},"exceptional_bases":[],"gauge":{"kind":"none"},"identifying_indices":[1],"index_shift":0,"input":{"first_index":1,"initial_polynomials":[["1"]],"recurrence":{"denominator":{"coeffs":[["-27","3"],["27","-6"],["0","3"]]},"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["-81","-63","-4"],["81","18","-2"],["0","9","2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":1,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","-81","-45","-4"],["0","0","-9","-4"]]},"deriv_order":1,"offset":1,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"},"input_valid_from_base":1,"multiplier":["0","3"],"operator":{"coefficients":[{"denominator":["1"],"numerator":["1"]},{"denominator":["1"],"numerator":["1"]}],"shape":"euler_polynomial"},"parent":{"first_index":1,"initial_polynomials":[["1"]],"recurrence":{"denominator":{"coeffs":[["-3"],["3"]]},"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["-9","-4"],["9","2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":1,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","-9","-4"]]},"deriv_order":1,"offset":1,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"},"parent_leader_shift":1,"parent_valid_from_base":1,"quotients":[{"differentiations":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0","0","0"],["0","243/4","27","0"],["0","0","27/4","3"]]},"deriv_order":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0","0","0","0"],["0","0","243/4","27","0"],["0","0","0","27/4","3"]]},"deriv_order":1}],"shift":0}],"row_annihilation":{"annihilator":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["1/2"],["-3/4"],["1/4"]]},"deriv_order":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["9/4","5/2"],["-9/4","-1"]]},"deriv_order":1},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","9/4","1"]]},"deriv_order":2}],"kind":"single","quotient":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0","0","0","0"],["0","0","0","54","24"]]},"deriv_order":0}],"row_multiplier":["0","9/4","1"],"start_base":1,"step_multiplier":{"coeffs":[["0","0","81/16","9/2","1"]]},"step_quotient":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0","0","-243/8","-27","-6"],["0","0","729/16","405/8","18","2"]]},"deriv_order":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","0","0","-729/16","-243/4","-27","-4"]]},"deriv_order":1}]},"shifted_parent_relation":{"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","2"],["-9","-2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"shift":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","9","4"]]},"deriv_order":1,"shift":0},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0"],["3"]]},"deriv_order":0,"shift":1}]},"statement":"w(n) E = sum_nu H_nu S^nu L' (with any remainder removed by row annihilators of the parent), where L' is the parent rule at P'_n = P_(n+0) (valid from base 1) and E the input rule gauged by lambda(n)/delta(n) and composed with (or conjugated through) T = f(n, theta) = 1 + (1) theta; so the candidate rows satisfy the input rule at every base n >= 1 (the exceptional bases checked exactly), and agreement on the 1 identifying rows gives Q_n = lambda(n) T_n(P_(n+0)) for every n >= 1"},"method":"operator_division"},"status":"certified"},"input_first_index":1,"interlacing":{"reason":"no parent theorem report with an interlacing conclusion","status":"none"},"lean_declarations":["RealRooted.isMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos","RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos","RealRooted.isMultiplierSequence_iff_preserves"],"lift_summary":{"hypotheses":[{"evidence":"the polynomial with ascending coefficients [1, 1] is fixed; exact check: real-rooted = true, coefficients of one sign = true","name":"euler_polynomial_roots_nonpositive","statement":"the polynomial in theta is real-rooted with every root <= 0 for every n >= n0","status":{"kind":"verified"}},{"evidence":"lambda(n) = 1","name":"gauge_finite_nonzero","statement":"lambda(n) is finite and nonzero for every n >= n0","status":{"kind":"verified"}},{"evidence":"delta(n) != 0 for every integer n in [1, +inf) (exact; Taylor shift: the coefficients of delta(n) at n = 1 + u have one sign)","name":"operator_coefficients_defined","sign_decision":{"certificate":{"condition":"nonzero","denominator":["1"],"method":{"kind":"taylor_shift","shifted_denominator":["1"],"shifted_numerator":["1"]},"numerator":["1"],"range":{"first":"1","last":null}},"decision":"holds"},"statement":"the operator coefficients are finite at every n >= n0 (their denominators do not vanish)","status":{"kind":"verified"}}],"identity":{"method":"forward_division","status":"certified"},"input_first_index":1,"input_interlacing":{"reason":"no parent theorem report with an interlacing conclusion","status":"not_proved"},"lean_replay":"not_attempted","operation":{"description":"f(n, theta) = 1 + (1) theta","kind":"preserver_image","operator":{"coefficients":[{"denominator":["1"],"numerator":["1"]},{"denominator":["1"],"numerator":["1"]}],"shape":"euler_polynomial"}},"parent":{"gauge":{"kind":"none"},"index_shift":0,"recurrence":{"first_index":1,"initial_polynomials":[["1"]],"recurrence":{"denominator":{"coeffs":[["-3"],["3"]]},"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["-9","-4"],["9","2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":1,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","-9","-4"]]},"deriv_order":1,"offset":1,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"},"relation":"Q_n = lambda(n) T_n(P_(n+0)) with T = f(n, theta) = 1 + (1) theta, for every n >= 1"},"parent_proof":{"statement":"open: no route proved that every parent row P_n, n >= 1, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign; the first 10 parent rows pass the exact check (evidence only)","status":"open"},"root_transfer":{"input_conclusion":"every Q_n, n >= 1, is zero or real-rooted with roots in (-inf, 0]","input_root_region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}},"parent_hypothesis":"every parent row used is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0] (coefficients of one sign)","parent_root_region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}},"theorem":"Laguerre's theorem on multiplier sequences: if f is a real polynomial whose roots are all real and <= 0, then (f(k))_(k >= 0) is a multiplier sequence, so x^k -> f(k) x^k maps every real-rooted polynomial to a real-rooted polynomial or zero (Laguerre; see T. Craven and G. Csordas, Multiplier sequences for fields, Illinois J. Math. 21 (1977); Polya--Schur, Theorem 40 of P. Branden, arXiv:1410.6601: sum_k f(k) x^k / k! = f(theta) e^x = C e^x x^m prod (1 + x/a_j), a_j > 0); f(k) has one sign for k >= 0, so coefficients of one sign stay of one sign; applied to f(n, .) for each n"},"verdict":"open"},"notes":["the division remainder is removed by row annihilators of the shifted parent"],"parent_proof":{"attempts":[{"detail":"the leader is not a nonzero constant","route":"periodic_product","success":false,"variant":"P_(n+k) = c(x) P_n"},{"detail":"not applicable: expected one nonzero lag term","route":"product_recurrence","success":false,"variant":"product_recurrence"},{"detail":"no theorem matched (weighted_renewal_window: LHS must be a nonzero constant; fixed_delay_predecessor_window: LHS must be a nonzero constant)","route":"paper_theorem","success":false,"variant":"match_recurrence_theorems"},{"detail":"not applicable: the theorem needs at least two seed rows","route":"three_term_recurrence","success":false,"variant":"three_term_recurrence"},{"detail":"HypothesisFailed: P_n = a_n(x) P_(n-1) + b_n(x) P'_(n-1) for n >= 2, with a_n(x) = ((3 n - 3)/(n - 1)) + ((2/3 n - 4/3)/(n - 1)) x and b_n(x) = ((0)/(n - 1)) + ((-3)/(n - 1)) x + ((-4/3)/(n - 1)) x^2; open hypotheses: degree_step_positive: fails at n = 2: lambda_n = (-2/3 n + 4/3)/(n - 1) = 0 there (exact); derivative_coefficient_nonpositive: b_n is not separable with a factor of one sign on (-inf, 0), and the sufficient monomial test (-1)^k [x^k] b_n <= 0 fails for k = 1 (not a disproof): fails at n = 2: [x^1] b_n = -3 there (exact)","route":"liu_wang","success":false,"variant":"liu_wang"},{"detail":"not applicable: the theorem needs two seed rows","route":"liu_wang_derivative_lag","success":false,"variant":"liu_wang_derivative_lag"},{"detail":"HypothesisFailed: P_n = (alpha_n x + beta_n) P_(n-1) + kappa_n (x - L)(x - U) P'_(n-1) for n >= 2, with L = -9/4, U = 0, alpha_n = (2/3 n - 4/3)/(n - 1), beta_n = (3 n - 3)/(n - 1), kappa_n = (-4/3)/(n - 1); open hypotheses: slope_positive: fails at n = 2: a_n = -1/2 n + 1 = 0 there (exact); upper_endpoint_threshold: no hit before n = 2; E(2) = e(2) + 0 = -1 < 0 with no hit in between (exact); when a_n > 0 for every n <= 2, the criterion puts a root of P_2 outside the interval","route":"ma_wang_interval","success":false,"variant":"ma_wang_interval"},{"detail":"not applicable: the theorem needs two seed rows","route":"liu_wang_three_term","success":false,"variant":"liu_wang_three_term"},{"detail":"HypothesisFailed: Q_n = x^(d_n) P_n(1/x) at the nominal degree d_n, with d_(n-L) = n - 2 (an upper bound of deg P_(n-L)): Q_n = a_n(x) S_n(Q_(n-1)) for n >= 2, with a_n(x) = (1) ((1)) and S_n = (A + B D + C D^2 with A = 4 - 2 n + 9 x, B = 4 x + 9 x^2, C = 0) / (3 n - 3); open hypotheses: weyl_step_interlacing: fails at n = 2: B_2 (B_2 A_0^2 - B_1 A_0 A_1 + B_0 A_1^2) = 324 n^2 - 648 n = 0 there (exact)","route":"iterated_preserver","success":false,"variant":"iterated_preserver"},{"detail":"Unresolved: row relation p(n, k) [x^k] P_n + q(n, k) [x^(k-1)] P_n = 0, n >= 1, with p = (9) (k - n) (k), q = (4) (k - 1/2 n - 1/2) (k - 1/2 n); valuation v(n) = 0; open hypotheses: multiplier_matching: no matching of the ratio factors (identity: R(n, j) = -q(n, j + v(n)) / p(n, j + v(n))) with a base binom(M, j), complements, pairs and reciprocal rising factorials holds for every n >= 1 + delay, delay <= 4","route":"hypergeometric_row","success":false,"variant":"hypergeometric_row"},{"detail":"no lean_proved catalog entry equals the parent; 68 with the same first index and seeds differ in the rule or in later initial rows (oeis_catalog:A003506:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A008277:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A008278:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A008288:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A008292:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A019538:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A026729:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A035607:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A039755:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A046716:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A048854:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A052553:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A056242:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A059110:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A060187:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A062145:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A063007:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A063967:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A071951:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A078812:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A085478:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A086645:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A089627:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A091042:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A098158:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A098172:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A099097:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A104684:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A105278:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A106800:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A111125:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A114656:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A122542:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A123160:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A127648:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A131689:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A134991:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A142075:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A142459:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A143395:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A154602:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A156289:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A158909:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A166973:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A173018:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A201637:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A201730:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A219836:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A225117:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A225466:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A225467:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A225468:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A225469:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A225472:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A225473:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A235706:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A253283:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A259454:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A269939:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A269945:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A271697:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A271703:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A271705:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A286724:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A292219:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A321331:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A334218:lean_proved, oeis_catalog:A390433:lean_proved)","route":"attestation","success":false,"variant":"oeis_catalog"}],"conditional_on":[],"rows_checked":10,"statement":"open: no route proved that every parent row P_n, n >= 1, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign; the first 10 parent rows pass the exact check (evidence only)","status":"not_proved"},"rows_compared":16,"schema":"polytool.recurrence-preserver-image.v1","statement":"Q_n = lambda(n) T_n(P_(n+0)) with T = f(n, theta) = 1 + (1) theta for every n >= 1 is certified; the lift is Open (open: no route proved that every parent row P_n, n >= 1, is zero or real-rooted with coefficients of one sign; the first 10 parent rows pass the exact check (evidence only))"},"kind":"preserver_image"}